EXECUTIVE SUMMARY About the research This report presents key findings from the human rights monitoring of compulsory acquisitions of homes and farms in Uzbekistan for the period 2017–2024. These acquisitions have been organised by the state primarily for the purpose of facilitating large-scale private developments. The monitoring reveals that the unconstitutional and illegal expropriation of private homes and farms by the state, enacted by the executive and enabled by a compromised court system, is a systemic and systematic problem that has tainted this redistribution of land. These landed expropriations to facilitate private, commercially oriented developments frequently involve serious abuses of public power, which are potentially in violation of Uzbekistan’s criminal code and constitution, in addition to the abuse of critical rights enshrined in Uzbekistan’s constitution and in international human rights law. While these egregious abuses have been brought to the attention of Uzbekistan’s president and national accountability bodies, no meaningful action has been taken to address them. The report concludes that these projects, therefore, involve egregious violations of fundamental human rights standards enacted by public officials in pursuit of formal or informal government policy. 4 A False Sense of Legality Together, these findings demand urgent redress, including an immediate moratorium on all compulsory and “voluntary” acquisitions of real property by the Uzbekistani state until: (a) an immediate and systematic public inquiry has been convened that remediates victims and holds state officials and judges to account for committed abuses; (b) an international human rights stakeholder forum has been held that can build a human rights compliant reform roadmap for addressing the abuses documented in this report and elsewhere; and (c) the roadmap of significant human rights reform has been completed. It is also recommended that d) a multi-stakeholder forum be set up to develop and implement a national strategy for disrupting the flow of illicit wealth through real estate and property development.